| 12 | | the collsion plate. The postitive tube has to be protected by the incident beam, so a grounded shielding tube protects the |
| 13 | | postive tube from the beam. |
| | 12 | the collsion plate. The postitive electrode tube has to be protected by the incident beam, so a grounded shielding tube protects the |
| | 13 | postive tube from the beam. The cup must be calibrated because with different vacuum conditions the amount of electrons that come off |
| | 14 | of the collision plate can change. |
| | 15 | |
| | 16 | The length of the positive electrode tube should be at least 2 times the diameter. |
| | 17 | This cup needs to be calibrated for the number of secndary electrons to incident neutral particles. |
| | 18 | This ratio is referred to as Gamma. Typical values of Gamma in other designs range from 1 to 1.5. |
| | 19 | |